Assume there are more number of source files to be compiled using a set of commands everytime is a tedious process. So there is a facility to compile everything at a stretch is by the use of a Makefile. The makefile can be named as either “Makefile” or “makefile”. Let me define four files...
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Read more →File handling using Shell Scripts to prepend a line to a file to develop a temporary file name generator to compare two files Requirements: Suse Linux, BASH Scripting Program (a) Prepending a line to a file #!/bin/bash # prepend.sh: Add text at beginning of file. E_NOSUCHFILE=65 read -p "File: " file...
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Read more →A look at the proc_dir_entry structure struct proc_dir_entry { unsigned int low_ino; unsigned short namelen; const char *name; // name of our module mode_t mode; // permissions ,who can read and write to it nlink_t nlink; uid_t uid; gid_t gid; loff_t size; const struct inode_operations *proc_iops; const struct file_operations *proc_fops; struct proc_dir_entry *next, *parent,...
Read more →A Character device driver needs a major number and a minor number. The devices are registered in the Kernel and it lies either in the /dev/ or in the /proc folder.The following example uses a char device driver with major number 222 and a minor number 0. The name of the device driver namely...
Read more →A system call is used by application or user programs to request service from the operating systems. Since the user programs does not have direct access to the kernel whereas the OS has the direct access. OS can access the hardware through system calls only. The following files has to be modified for implementing...
Read more →To demonstrate, let us goto a simple “Hello World” as a module and inserted in to the kernelStep 1Open any editor like vi or gedit in a shell prompt and the type the following/* Name of the file is hello.c */#include #include int init_module(void){printk(KERN_INFO “Hello world.n”);return 0;}void cleanup_module(void){printk(KERN_INFO “Goodbye worldn”);}The above is a simple...
Read more →How to add a new kernel to linux OS and compile it and use it, the following points discusses that.Step 1: Download a new kernel from kernel.org (recent version is 2.6.33)Step 2: you may get the file either as a .tar.bz2 file or .tar.gz file Step 3: untar the file in the /usr/src directory...
Read more →The proc file system provides information on the current status of the Linux kernel and running process. It also allows modifications of kernel parameters in simple ways during runtime Each process in the system that is currently running is assigned a directory /proc/pid, where pid is the process identification number of the relevant process...
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